BRC: 400 of Britain’s largest shops at risk

Some of Britain's biggest shops - from supermarkets to department stores - face a fresh wave of closures if the Government forces large shops into its proposed higher business rates tax band.

There are approximately 4,000 large-format retail stores with a rateable value of over £500,000. Like all of retail, these stores are already under pressure by soaring employment costs, high taxes, and rising rates bills, which is why 1,000 such stores have closed over the last five years.

New analysis by the British Retail Consortium (BRC) shows that 400 large-format stores are at risk of closure, if they are included in the Government's new business rates surtax on premises with a rateable value over £500,000.

The retail industry accounts for 5% of the economy yet pays over 20% of all business rates bills. This load is keenly felt by large stores (those with a rateable value of over £500,000), which pay around a third of retail's total business rates bill. Given the small profit margins that exist across retail (around 2-4% for food), a significant rise in rates for large stores would force these shops to raise their prices, employ fewer people, or even close their doors entirely.

These 4,000 large stores play a vital role in the economy:

• They employ approximately one in three of the industry's three million workers
• As anchor tenants, they play a key role in attracting footfall to shopping and leisure areas, supporting cafés, pubs and smaller independents around them

The BRC anticipates that if all 400 at-risk stores were to close, up to 100,000 jobs could be lost and local councils' business rates receipts from retail would fall by well over £100 million a year.

The Government knows high streets are in trouble, which is why it is introducing a new permanent reduction in business rates for retail, hospitality and leisure (RHL) premises. This will replace some of the previous reliefs available to RHL premises, and will be funded by the new, higher business rates tax band on large properties.

The BRC is calling on the Chancellor to use the Autumn Budget to deliver this vital change without simply shifting the cost onto larger stores – which would be massively damaging to our high streets.

This can be done without cost to the public purse, by removing those stores from the new higher business rates tax band and slightly increasing the rates to be paid by the remaining large properties like office blocks and other big commercial buildings, where business rates are a much smaller share of costs and the knock-on impact on jobs and prices is far lower.

Helen Dickinson, Chief Executive of the British Retail Consortium, said:

“Britain's largest shops are magnets, pulling people into high streets, shopping centres and retail parks, supporting thousands of surrounding cafes, restaurants and smaller and independent shops.  After years of rising costs, far too many stores have disappeared – leaving behind empty shells that once thrived at the heart of our communities. Four hundred more large stores could disappear if the Government forces them into its new higher tax band. This would mean up to 100,000 jobs lost, emptier high streets, and less revenue for the Exchequer. 

“The Chancellor can back families, jobs and high streets this Autumn, by excluding large shops from the new higher business rates tax band. This would not cost the Exchequer a penny, yet would help secure the future of 400 retail stores, and the communities they support, right across the country. But failure to act risks shuttering hundreds more stores, costing jobs, communities and the economy far more in the long run.”

-ENDS-

Context:

• Currently, all non-domestic premises pay Business Rates (or Non-Domestic Rates in Scotland). They are calculated by Multiplier (tax rate) x Rateable Value of a property. In England, the multipliers are 55.5p (in the pound) for most business premises, and 49.9p for small business premises (rateable value under £51,000).
• Labour came into Government with a pledge to reform business rates. They are planning a permanent reduction in the business rates multiplier for retail, hospitality and leisure (RHL) premises, with a rateable value of under £500,000. We do not yet know what the new lower multipliers will be for RHL premises.  
• This will be paid for by the introduction of a new, higher, multiplier for premises (of any type, including RHL) with a rateable value of over £500,000. We do not yet know how much the new multiplier is.
• The BRC has calculated that shops could be removed from the higher multiplier (RV>£500k), with only a slight increase to the multiplier for all other large properties in this bracket.

Methodology:

• “Large stores” are retail premises with a rateable value above £500,000. They currently pay the standard multiplier for business premises (as opposed to the small business multiplier) of 55.5p in the pound in England in 2025/26.
• There are around 4,000 such stores UK-wide; BRC analysis indicates they account for ~a third of retail's total business rates bill.
• The BRC estimate of at least £100m lost tax revenue arises if 400 store close, each with an average rateable value of £500,000. This would generate a business rates bill of over £250,000 per year each, or £100m between them. This is a conservative estimate. Many supermarkets, department stores and large stores have rateable values of far more than £500,000, meaning the loss to the Exchequer would actually be significantly higher.