Next steps for self-driving vehicles as future passengers help shape self-driving vehicles law

• First taxi-, private-hire-, and bus-like services of self-driving vehicles can hit the road from Spring 2026 following recent decision to fast-track pilots.
• Process to shape key laws regulating the new self-driving vehicle passenger services starts today as part of next steps towards rollout of the vehicles.
• New technology could provide more accessible travel options and boost transport in rural areas, while creating 38,000 jobs and unlocking a £42 billion industry – all part of the Plan for Change.

The public and industry are being encouraged to help shape the future of self-driving vehicles, as they are invited to offer their views to make them safe and accessible before the first services become available next year.

Today (Monday 21 July), Future of Roads Minister Lilian Greenwood has launched a consultation on the Automated Passenger Services (APS) permitting scheme and the draft statutory instrument, a key legal element of how taxi-, private-hire and bus-like services of self-driving vehicles will be regulated once they hit roads in Great Britain.

Safety, innovation, world-leading regulation and accessibility will be at the forefront of the consultation - with the self-driving vehicles rollout aiming to help reduce human error which contributes to 88% of all road collisions.

Self-driving vehicles can provide greater choice and flexibility for passengers to get around more easily, including during unsociable hours. They could also help add new public transport options in rural areas to boost connectivity for local communities, and improve mobility, accessibility and independence for those unable to drive.

The consultation follows the recent Government decision to fast-track pilots of self-driving passenger vehicles to Spring 2026, helping the industry to innovate and grow. This will allow firms to pilot small scale services without a safety driver for the first time – which could be available to members of the public to book via an app – before a potential wider rollout when the Automated Vehicles Act is implemented in full from the second half of 2027.

Bringing forward the pilots of self-driving vehicles will help the Government deliver the Plan for Change by creating 38,000 jobs to put money in people's pockets, driving investment to back British engineering excellence and unlocking an industry worth £42 billion by 2035.

Future of Roads Minister Lilian Greenwood said:

“Self-driving vehicles are one of the most exciting opportunities to improve transport for so many people, especially those in rural areas or unable to drive. We want to work with passengers and industry to make this new form of transport safe and accessible, as we take our next steps towards adoption.

“This technology doesn't just have the potential to improve transport for millions of people. It will help stimulate innovation, create thousands of jobs, and drive investment to put more money in people's pockets – all part of delivering our Plan for Change”

Through the consultation, representative groups, industry stakeholders, trade unions and members of the public will be able to make their views heard and influence future Government policy over a variety of areas critical for self-driving vehicles to run safely and efficiently.

These include how self-driving vehicles can be made as accessible as possible for disabled and older people, how services of self-driving vehicles are approved by councils, and when a permit to operate a service should be varied, suspended or withdrawn.

Gavin Jackson, CEO of OXA, said:

"As the first company to trial an autonomous vehicle (AV) on UK roads back in 2016, we are delighted to see the UK continuing to progress towards making AV services a commercial reality.

"The Automated Passenger Services (APS) regime will enable the deployment of innovative public transport services that will augment our current transport network, making it easier and more accessible than ever to get around."

The APS scheme is an essential part of the of the Automated Vehicles (AV) Act which will regulate taxi-, private-hire-, and bus-like self-driving vehicles once it is implemented in full in the second half of 2027.

The Automated Vehicles Act will require self-driving vehicles to achieve a level of safety at least as high as competent and careful human drivers, and they will undergo rigorous safety tests before being allowed on our roads.

Self-driving trials have been taking place in the UK since January 2015, with British companies Wayve and Oxa spearheading significant breakthroughs in the technology.

The UK is already host to a thriving self-driving sector. Wayve secured a record-breaking investment of over $1 billion and announced recent partnerships with Nissan and Uber, while Oxa has already supported ‘bus-like' services in the US and started rolling out self-driving vehicles at Heathrow Airport to improve baggage handling.

Notes to editors

• The consultation will be open for 10 weeks. Following analysis of responses and the need for any changes, the Statutory Instrument is tended to come into effect in spring 2026.
• Safety, including the safeguarding of passengers, is at the heart of the proposed permitting scheme. Where automated vehicle technology needs approval by Government before it can be used, Government will use comprehensive safety standards that take into account the developing United Nations regulation for Automated Driving Systems.
• Building understanding about how accessible services can best be delivered will be a factor in consideration of whether to grant a permit, alongside a statutory reporting requirement placed on to permit holders.
• Pilot deployments will continue building Government's understanding of new ways in which accessibility can be achieved through these services.
• Government will continue to explore the role for research in further understanding of how self-driving passenger services can best enable older and disabled people to travel, alongside others with limited or restricted mobility.