Prime Minister's statement to the House - 23 October 2023

Mr Speaker, last week I visited the Middle East…

…bringing a message of solidarity with the region against terror and against the further spread of conflict.  

I met with the leaders of Israel, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Egypt and the Palestinian Authority…

…to coordinate our response to the crisis before us…

…but also to renew the better vision of the future that Hamas is trying to destroy.  

I travelled first to Israel. 

It is a nation in mourning.

But, Mr Speaker, it is also a nation under attack. 

The violence against Israel did not end on the 7^th of October. 

Hundreds of rockets are launched at their towns and cities every day. 

And Hamas still holds around 200 hostages… 

…including British citizens. 

In Jerusalem I met some of the relatives – who are suffering unbearable torment. 

Their pain will stay with me for the rest of my days. 

I am doing everything in my power – and working with all of our partners – to get their loved ones home.

So in my meetings with Prime Minister Netanyahu and President Herzog I told them once again that we stand resolutely with Israel in defending itself against terror.

And I stressed again the need to act in line with international humanitarian law and take every possible step to avoid harming civilians.

It was a message delivered by a close friend and ally. 

I say it again, we stand with Israel.

Mr Speaker, I recognise that the Palestinian people are suffering terribly. 

Over 4,000 Palestinians have been killed in this conflict.

They are also the victims of Hamas, who embed themselves in the civilian population. 

Too many lives have already been lost.

And the humanitarian crisis is growing. 

I went to the region to address these issues directly. 

In Riyadh then Cairo, I met individually with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman from Saudi Arabia…

…the Amir of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani…

…President Sisi in Egypt and President Abbas of the Palestinian Authority. 

This is further to my meeting with the King of Jordan last week and calls with other leaders…

…and my Rt Hon Friend the Foreign Secretary’s extensive travel in the region.    

Mr Speaker, there are three abiding messages from these conversations.

The first is that we must continue working together to get more humanitarian support into Gaza. 

The whole House will welcome the limited opening of the Rafah crossing.

It is important progress, and testament to the power of diplomacy. 

But it is not enough. 

We need a constant stream of aid pouring in, bringing the water, food, medicine and fuel that is so desperately needed.

So we will keep up the diplomatic pressure.

We have already committed £10 million of extra support to help civilians in Gaza. 

And Mr Speaker, I can announce today that we are going further.

We are providing an additional £20 million of humanitarian aid to civilians in Gaza – more than doubling our previous support to the Palestinian people.

There are major logistical and political challenges to delivering this aid – which I discussed with President Sisi.

My Rt Hon Friend the Development Minister is leading an effort to ensure the maximum amount of aid is prepositioned, with UK support, ready to deliver.

We're also working intensively to ensure that British nationals trapped in Gaza are able to leave through the Rafah crossing when it properly reopens. 

The second message, Mr Speaker, is that this is not a time for hyperbole and simplistic solutions. 

It is a time for quiet and dogged diplomacy that recognises the hard realities on the ground and delivers help now. 

And we have an important role to play. 

In all of my meetings, people were clear that they value Britain’s engagement.

The UK’s voice matters.

We have deep ties across the region – ties of defence, trade and investment, but also of history. 

President Abbas pointed to that history.

Not the British mandate in Palestine or the Balfour declaration… 

…but the UK’s efforts over decades to support the two-state solution.

And that brings me to my third point, Mr Speaker.  

Growing attacks by Hezbollah on Israel’s northern border…

…rising tensions on the West Bank…

…and missiles and drones launched from Yemen…

…show that some are seeking escalation.

So we need to invest more deeply in regional stability and in the two-state solution.

Last night I spoke to the leaders of the US, Germany, France, Italy and Canada.

We are all determined to prevent escalation.

That’s why I am deploying RAF and Royal Navy assets…

…monitoring threats to regional security and supporting humanitarian efforts.

Mr Speaker, our support for a two-state solution is highly valued across the region. 

But it can’t just be a clichéd talking point to roll out at times like this. 

The truth is that in recent years energy has moved into other avenues like the Abraham Accords and normalisation talks with Saudi Arabia. 

We support those steps absolutely, and believe they can bolster wider efforts. 

But we must never lose sight of how essential the two-state solution is. 

So we’ll work together with our international partners to bring renewed energy and creativity to this effort.

It will rely on establishing more effective governance for Palestinian territories in Gaza and the West Bank.

It will also mean challenging actions that undercut legitimate aspirations for Palestinian statehood.

Mr Speaker, Hamas care more about their paymasters in Iran than the children they hide behind.

So let me be clear, there is no scenario where Hamas can be allowed to control Gaza or any part of the Palestinian Territories.

Hamas is not only a threat to Israel but to many others in the region.

All the leaders I met agree that this is a watershed moment…

…it’s time to set the region on a better path. 

Mr Speaker, I also want to say a word about the tone of the debate. 

When things are so delicate, we all have a responsibility to take additional care in the language we use and to operate on the basis of facts alone. 

The reaction to the horrific explosion at the al-Ahli Arab hospital was a case in point.

As I indicated last week, we have taken care to look at all the evidence currently available. 

Mr Speaker, I can now share our assessment with the House.

On the basis of the deep knowledge and analysis of our intelligence and weapons experts…

…the British government judges that the explosion was likely caused by a missile – or part of one – that was launched from within Gaza towards Israel.

The misreporting of this incident had a negative effect in the region – including on a vital US diplomatic effort – and on tensions here at home. 

We need to learn the lessons and ensure that in future there is no rush to judgment. 

Mr Speaker, we have seen hate on our streets again this weekend.

We all stand in solidarity with the Palestinian people – that is the message I brought to President Abbas…

…but we will never tolerate antisemitism in our country.

Calls for Jihad on our streets are not only a threat to the Jewish community, but to our democratic values.

And we expect the police to take all necessary action to tackle extremism head on.

Mr Speaker, this a moment for great care and caution – but also for moral clarity.

Hope and humanity must win out against the scourge of terrorism and aggression.

The 7 October attack was driven by hatred.

But it was also driven by Hamas’s fear that a new equilibrium might be emerging in the Middle East…

…one that would leave old divisions behind and offer hope of a better, more secure, more prosperous way forward.

It is the same motivation that drives Putin’s war on Ukraine…

…the fear of Ukraine’s emergence as a modern, thriving democracy and the desire to pull it back into some imperialist fantasy of the past.

Putin will fail.

And so will Hamas.

We must keep alive that vision of a better future, against those who seek to destroy it.

Together with our partners, that is what we will do.

And I commend this statement to the House.