Cost to rapid charge an electric car rises by a fifth in eight months, shows RAC research

• Rises in wholesale electricity and gas costs behind the rise, but EV charging still represents excellent value for money
• RAC begins regular Charge Watch initiative, supporting FairCharge campaign’s call for fair pricing

The average price of charging an electric car on a pay-as-you go, non-subscription basis at a publicly accessible rapid charger in Great Britain has increased by 21% to 44.55p per kilowatt hour (kWh) since September, figures analysed by the RAC’s new Charge Watch initiative in association with the national FairCharge campaign show*.

The 7.81p per kWh increase, from 36.74p at the end of last summer, means that the average cost to complete an 80% rapid charge of a typical family-sized electric car with a 64kWh battery** has increased by £4 over this period, from £18.81 to £22.81 now (cars revert to slower charging speeds beyond 80% to preserve battery health). In stark contrast, the cost of filling a 55-litre family car from empty to 80% has increased by a huge £14.54 since last September, from £59.67 to £74.21.

The RAC’s analysis shows that it now costs on average 10p per mile to charge at a rapid charger, up from 8p per mile last September. This is nearly half the cost per mile compared to filling a petrol-powered family car***, the cost of which has risen from 15p per mile since the end of last September to a staggering 19p per mile now. The cost per mile for a similarly sized diesel-powered car is even higher at nearly 21p.

The average price of charging at the quickest ultra-rapid chargers – which have a power output of 100kW-plus and can deliver a charge to a compatible vehicle in as little as 20 minutes – has increased by a greater margin of 16.76p per kWh, from 34.21p per kWh in September to 50.97p in May. This means the cost to charge a vehicle to 80% has risen from £17.51 to £26.10. This, however, is still £48 cheaper than filling a petrol-powered car to 80%, although electric car drivers do not get quite as many miles from an 80% charge as drivers of petrol cars do from an equivalent fill-up of a tank.

The price increases facing drivers of electric cars using publicly accessible chargers can be explained by the rises in the wholesale cost of electricity, which itself is driven by hikes in the cost of gas – especially since a considerable proportion of the UK’s electricity is generated by natural gas-fired power stations. Ofgem figures**** show that the wholesale cost of gas doubled between the end of September 2021 and the end of March this year, with wholesale electricity prices rising by around 65% over the same period.

While the cost of charging a zero-emission electric car remains good value compared to topping up a petrol or diesel car, as things stand drivers who can’t charge up at home – which could be as many as one-in-three***** – are penalised by having to pay a higher rate of VAT on electricity than those who can, something the RAC-backed FairCharge campaign consistently points out. This risks putting off a huge number of drivers from switching to electric next time they change their vehicles.

The FairCharge campaign is therefore calling for the 20% VAT rate currently charged on electricity at public chargers to be cut to match the 5% levied on domestic electricity, thus making it an easier decision for those who cannot charge at home to switch to an electric car. Doing so would see the cost of charging up at a rapid charger cut by 5.57p per kWh, and at an ultra-rapid charger by 6.37p. This would reduce the cost of an 80% charge by £2.85 and £3.26 on average at rapid and ultra-rapid chargers, respectively.

RAC electric vehicle spokesperson Simon Williams said: “Just as the price that drivers of petrol and diesel cars pay to fill up at the pumps is driven by fluctuations in the world oil price, those in electric cars are affected by gas and electricity prices. But while electric car drivers may not be immune from the rocketing price of wholesale energy – most notably gas, which in turn dictates the cost of electricity – there’s no doubting that charging an EV still represents excellent value for money compared to filling up a petrol or diesel car.

“Unsurprisingly, our analysis shows that the quickest places to charge are also the most expensive with ultra-rapid chargers costing on average 14% more to use than rapid chargers. For drivers in a hurry though, or travelling a long distance, paying this premium might well be worth it with the very fastest chargers capable of almost completely replenishing an electric car’s battery in a matter of minutes.

“Having said that, the most affordable way of charging an electric car isn’t at a public charger – it’s from home, where overnight electricity rates can be much lower than their public charger counterparts. Our own RAC Recharge tariff, for instance, costs just 12p per kWh overnight. But for people who have no option of charging up at home, there is no opportunity to benefit from these sorts of savings.

“The other reason home charging can be so much cheaper is because of the bizarre way that electricity is taxed. Right now, VAT on electricity from a public charger is levied at a rate four-times that which applies to domestic electricity which makes it far more expensive to charge on-the-go than it should be. We are right behind the FairCharge campaign in thinking this is totally unfair and flies in the face of the Government’s ambition for many more drivers to opt for an electric vehicle.

“We understand conversations have been had within government over this ‘no driveway premium’, but it’s time there was an acceptance that a VAT rate that’s more favourable to drivers who have their own off-street parking risks putting other drivers off making the switch. Given the cost-of-living crisis, it’s surely only fair that everyone pays the same level of VAT no matter where they buy their electricity from.

Quentin Willson, founder of the FairCharge campaign, said: “Keeping a watch on charging prices is essential to make sure the electricity for charging up EVs never gets close to the cost of filling up with diesel. EV drivers need free to access data on charging prices across the country. And charging operators need to know that everybody is watching.”

Simon Williams continued: “We’re excited to launch RAC Charge Watch to give greater clarity to drivers about what they can expect to pay to charge on public networks. The initiative complements our established RAC Fuel Watch price monitor and is a further example of how we’re going the extra mile to support drivers in the switch to cleaner, greener driving. We’re the only major national breakdown service to have patrol vans that can give a flat or severely depleted electric car an emergency boost, and we also offer home charger installation and our own dedicated electricity tariff, giving cheaper overnight charging for drivers who have their own driveways. This is all on top of comprehensive advice on all things electric vehicles that we provide free-of-charge on our website, including valuable myth-busting guides.

“We are also the first nationwide breakdown service to put all-electric, zero-emissions patrol vans onto the roads, beginning in January with a Renault Zoe Van E-Tech and followed recently by our first Maxus E-DELIVER 3, which was unveiled at the 2022 Fully Charged Show.”

Public charging costs compared

Average cost to charge per kilowatt hour, by charger speed

Average cost to charge a 64kWh car to 80%, by charger speed

Cost per mile comparison (battery electric car / petrol and diesel cars)

Analysis completed by the RAC’s Electric Experts. Visit the RAC Charge Watch page for more information, and find out more about charging an electric vehicle on the RAC website. For more information on FairCharge and to support the campaign, visit the website.

Ends

Notes to Editors

* RAC Charge Watch study conducted by RAC Electric Experts and is based on analysis of pence per kilowatt hour (kWh) charges from charging providers offering 23-90kW rapid chargers, between September 2021 and May 2022, and ultra-rapid (100kW+) chargers. Excludes networks that do not provide data publicly or which have a wide variety of price tariffs depending on location. Ultra-rapid chargers are those capable of delivering 100kW+ charging speeds, with the fastest in the UK currently offering 350kW charging, subject to connecting to a compatible car.

** Electric car battery sizes vary but 64kWh taken as an average of several popular family-sized models on sale in the UK today. 80% charge equates to 51.2kW of electricity being required – beyond 80% charge, cars can’t be charged at rapid or ultra-rapid speeds to preserve the health of the car’s battery. Cost per mile calculations based on an assumed EV efficiency of 4.4 miles per kWh (as with miles per gallon, EV efficiency is affected by a range of different factors including driving style)

*** Based on a petrol-powered car averaging 40 miles per gallon – equivalent to 8.81 miles per litre

**** Source: Ofgem weekly average Forward Delivery Contract prices

***** Source: English Housing Survey 2019 data on amenities, services and local environments, table DA2201, shows 67.1% of dwellings have a garage or other off-road parking