LGA Survey: £250 million a year lost through business rate avoidance

The poll of local councils responsible for collecting business rates found 8 in 10 say they do not have adequate powers to tackle the problem in their local area.

With income from business rates accounting for around a quarter of council spending power, the LGA is calling for tougher legislation in England to close loopholes and tackle avoidance along similar lines to those proposed in Scotland and Wales next year.

It comes as the survey reveals some of the most common methods of business rates avoidance: 

• Repeated short-term periods of occupation was the most common method reported by responding councils (37 per cent). This sees businesses minimally occupying a property for around six weeks (42 days) before vacating and being eligible for 3 months empty property exemption from paying business rates. This can be done multiple times.
   
• More than a quarter (26 per cent) of responding councils reported firms using insolvency to avoid paying empty property rates while others reported difficulties in establishing ownership such as claims that another person has taken over a business, false tenancy agreements or phoenix companies where the stock is held in third party names.

The LGA said councils need new legal powers to enter and inspect non-domestic properties to verify information relevant to billing and to request information from ratepayers and third parties.

Councils also need the freedom and finance to set discounts and reliefs locally so they can restrict reliefs to businesses they strongly suspect of avoidance and the period of temporary occupation, which leads to repeated cycles of business rates relief, should be extended from 42 days to six months.

Local government currently keeps 50 per cent of business rates income to pay for vital local services, like caring for older and disabled people, protecting children, fixing potholes and collecting bins. 

This is proposed to increase to 75 per cent from April 2021. The LGA said this also makes it imperative that the Government works closely with local government as part of its planned review of the business rates system.

Cllr Richard Watts, Chair of the LGA’s Resources Board, said: 

“Business rates are an extremely important source of income for councils and the local services our communities rely on every day.

“Too many businesses are exploiting loopholes and manipulating the system to avoid paying the tax they owe. 

“The scale of business rates avoidance shows more needs to be done to tackle this behaviour and reduce avoidance. Every penny lost through business rates avoidance is money that could be spent on adult social care, children’s services, fixing roads and other vital community services.

“Councils want to work with government to explore how to better protect the system and the powers needed so they can collect money owed for local services.”

NOTES TO EDITORS

1. An online survey was sent to all LGA member single tier and shire district councils. In total, 120 councils responded giving a response rate of 39 per cent. The LGA summary with recommendations is available here and the full research report is here.
    
2. On average, respondents estimated that the total amount of business rates lost to avoidance in their local authority area in 2017/18 was £798,000. Using this average, it is estimated that the overall scale of avoidance in England is £250 million, which equates to one per cent of the overall total business rates payable. Fifteen per cent of responding councils reported business rates avoidance of more than two per cent of total business rates income in their area.
    
3. Almost half (42 per cent) of responding councils had taken or were taking legal action against those businesses avoiding paying rates. Of those that were not taking action, more than half reported that this was because the schemes in use were within the law.